10.3 Solids

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SOLID STRUCTURES
Amorphous Solid A solid with no ordered structure; includes glass and some plastics.
Crystalline Solid A solid with a regular, repeating arrangement of atoms, molecules, or ions.
TYPES OF SOLIDS
Ionic -crystalline
-held together by ionic bonds
-greater charges and smaller ions lead to stronger ionic bonds and higher melting points
-brittle
Molecular -crystalline or amorphous
-held together by intermolecular forces
-lower melting points and tend to be softer
Network
Covalent
-crystalline
-held together by covalent bonds
-high melting points and tend to be very hard
Examples: Cdiamond and SiO2 (quartz)
Metallic -crystalline
-held together by metallic bonds
-wide range of melting points
-good conductors of electricity and heat
-luster
-malleable
-ductile
CUBIC UNIT CELLS
Simple Cubic (Primitive Cubic) Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)
-atoms occupy the corner positions -atoms occupy the corner positions and the body center -atoms occupy the corner positions and the face centers
simple cubic bcc fcc