13.5 Solubility Equilibria

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Solubility and Ksp

Ksp is the equilibrium constant for an ionic solid dissociating into aqueous ions.

AgCl(s) → Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

Ksp = [Ag+][Cl-]

Mg(OH)2(s) → Mg2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)

Ksp = [Mg2+][OH-]2

BiI3(s) → Bi3+(aq) + 3I-(aq)

Ksp = [Bi3+][I-]3

What is the molar solubility of AgCl (Ksp = 1.8 × 10-10)?

What is the molar solubility of Mg(OH)2 (Ksp = 1.6 × 10-12)?

The molar solubility of BiI3 is 1.32 × 10-5. Calculate Ksp.

Common Ion Effect

What is the molar solubility of AgCl in 0.1M HCl? (Ksp = 1.8 × 10-10)

RELATION OF Ksp TO MOLAR SOLUBILITY
2 Ions 3 Ions 4 Ions
Ksp = x2 Ksp = 4x3 Ksp = 27x4
Ksp
AgCl 1.8 × 10-10
AgBr 5.0 × 10-13
AgI 8.3 × 10-17