7.3 Electron Configurations

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Atomic Orbitals (s, p, and d orbitals)

atomic orbitals
Rules for Ground State Electron Configurations
Aufbau Principle Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first.
Hund’s Rule Degenerate orbitals each get an electron before pairing.
Pauli Exclusion Principle No 2 electrons in an atom have the same 4 quantum numbers.
rules for ground state electron configurations

Standard and Noble Gas configurations

Exceptions (Cr, Mo and Cu, Ag, Au)

Ions (transition metals too)

Number of Valence Electrons

Ground State vs. Excited State