7.2 Ionization Energy
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Ionization Energy
Energy required to remove an electron
Irregularities in the Trend
Atoms with exactly full or half-full subshells have higher ionization energies.
Successive Ionization Energies (2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc.)
Core electrons have SIGNIFICANTLY higher ionization energies than valence electrons.
| Ionization Energies of Boron | |
|---|---|
| B(g) ➔ B+(g) + e- | I.E.1 = 801 kJ/mol |
| B+(g) ➔ B2+(g) + e- | I.E.2 = 2,427 kJ/mol |
| B2+(g) ➔ B3+(g) + e- | I.E.3 = 3,660 kJ/mol |
| B3+(g) ➔ B4+(g) + e- | I.E.4 = 25,026 kJ/mol |