10.2 Gas Laws Including the Ideal Gas Law

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    Gas Laws

    GAS LAWS
    Boyle’s Law
    (constant n, T)
    PV = constant      or      P1V1 = P2V2      or      P ∝ 1/V
     
    Charles’ Law
    (constant n, P)
    Avogadro’s Law
    (constant T, P)
    Combined Gas Law
     
    Better Combined Gas Law
     
    Ideal Gas Law
     

    Kinetic Molecular Theory (Ideal Gas Theory)

    Kinetic Molecular Theory (Ideal Gas Theory)
     1  Gas molecules have negligible volume.
     2  Gas molecules don’t have any attractive forces between themselves.
     3  All collisions are elastic (no loss of kinetic energy).
     4  A gas is composed of a large number of atoms/molecules in random motion.
     5  KEavg ∝ T           (KEavg = 3 / 2 RT)
    Ideal Behavior
    1. Gases behave more ideally at low Pressure and high Temperature.
    2. Gases with less Intermolecular Forces tend to behave more ideally.

    Ideal Gas Law

    PV = nRT          R  =0.08206 L.atm/mol.K

    What is the volume of 2 moles of argon gas behaving ideally at a temperature of 298K and a pressure of 2.0atm?

     

    What is the volume of 80g of argon gas behaving ideally at a temperature of 25°C and a pressure of 1520torr?

    RMS Speed

    rms speed

    What is the root mean square speed of O2 gas molecules at 273K?

    maxwell distribution of speeds